Autophagy and fatty kidney in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47196/diab.v58i2.740Keywords:
kidney fatty, autophagy, mitophagy, obesity, diabetes, insulin resistance, insulin, hyperglycemia, hypertension, nephropathy, glomerulopathy, proteinuria, triglycerides, adiponectin, AMPK, mTOR, lipotoxicityAbstract
As it is commonly known, obesity acts as a risk factor for the development of non alcoholic fatty liver disease. This is of particular relevance in patients with type 2 diabetes. A growing body of evidence developed in the last years contributed to define an entity known as fatty kidney disease, in which obesity also plays a key role in its development. Fatty kidney disease is associated with insulin resistance, high blood insulin levels, hormonal alterations and glomerulopathy with a consequent trend to develop chronic kidney disease (CKD) in some patients due to the perirenal, pararenal, ectopic and parenchymatous fat deposit. This deposit has shown to present an association with several abnormalities in the autophagic flow; these alterations may guide to the development of new therapeutic alternatives within the field of kidney diseases associated with fat deposition. The objective of this narrative review is to review the key mechanisms linking fatty kidney disease and autophagy alterations, as well as their clinical and therapeutic implications.
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