P29 Effect of a diet with high content in saturated fat, alcohol and an enriched enviroment in an experimental model of diabetes: study of alteration in metabolic markers and histology of the páncreas

Abstract

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is characterized by being an inflammatory disease, with systemic, chronic, multimetabolic involvement. Its physiopathogenic mechanism is characterized by glyco-lipotoxicity, chronic oxidative stress, which cause hypoinsulinemia due to the death of beta cells or their transdifferentiation.

Objective: To determine the effect of an enriched environment on metabolic markers and pancreatic histology in an experimental model of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methodology: Metabolic markers were measured during the 16-month trial. In older adult Wistar rats at the end of the experiment, the animals were two years old. At the end of the experiment, the pancreas of the animals were studied histologically. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and paired t test (p≤0.05).

Results: At the end of the trial, the experimental groups HFD, Alc and HFD + Alc presented hyperglycemia (≥125 mg / dl) and hypertriglyceridemia (≥150 mg / dl) and an increased weight (≥27%) compared to the non diabetic controls. In the group exposed to an enriched environment, lower blood glucose levels were observed, but 6.5% HbA1c, weight and triglyceride values were normal.

Conclusion: the diet rich in fat and alcohol alone or in combination in older adult animals followed for a year causes mild diabetes, hypertiglyceridemia, obesity and histological
damage in the endocrine and exocrine pancreas. The enriched medium and physical activity mitigate these injuries.