Oncology/biological drugs. Córdoba Chapter

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic condition that is manifested by hyperglycemia and alterations in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins. Patients with DM are at risk of long-term complications that affect various body systems. Oncology treatments, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and hormonal agents, are often used for cancer management.

However, these treatments can significantly influence glycemic control and DM progression, posing additional challenges in the care of patients with both conditions.

Oncological drugs can induce hyperglycemia by various mechanisms. Corticosteroids, commonly used in cancer treatment, may increase insulin resistance and raising blood glucose levels. Chemotherapeutic agents, such as doxorubicin, asparaginase, and cyclophosphamide, may also interfere with glucose metabolism, exacerbating hyperglycemia. Targeted therapies, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors, have shown effects variables on glycemic control, and their impact may depend on the specific drug profile and individual patient susceptibility. Hyperglycemia induced by oncological drugs can complicate the control of DM and increase the risk of complications associated with it, such as diabetic neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy. Furthermore, patients with DM and cancer have an increased risk of treatment-related adverse events, such as infections and metabolic side effects.

The management of patients with DM in oncological treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach. It is essential to closely monitor blood glucose levels and adjust DM treatment as necessary.

In conclusion, the interaction between DM and oncological treatments is complex and requires careful attention. to optimize the management of both conditions. Continued research in this field is critical to improving clinical outcomes and quality of life for patients facing the combined challenge of DM and cancer. In the bibliographic citations there is relevant information about the interaction between DM and oncological treatments.