From the sum of factors to the synergy of damage: towards a redefinition of the cardio-renal-metabolic syndrome
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47196/diab.v59i2.1188Keywords:
cardio-renal-metabolic syndrome, chronic kidney disease, diabetesAbstract
The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), heart failure (HF), chronic kidney disease (CKD), obesity, and metabolic liver disease (MASLD) has given rise to a network of pathophysiological interactions that transcends the boundaries of organ-specific medicine. What was once considered a cluster of comorbidities is now better understood as an integrated entity: cardiorenal-metabolic (CRM) syndrome. However, current evidence suggests that this definition is insufficient to capture the complexity of multisystem damage resulting from metabolic dysfunction.
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