SARS-COV-2 primary infection and mortality in an outpatient cohort of people with type 1 and 2 diabetes

Abstract

Introduction: SARS-COV-2 primary infection in people with diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with an unfavorable evolution and could differentially affect people with type 1 and 2 DM.

Objective: To report the prevalence of primary infection by SARS-COV-2. Estimate the cumulative incidence (AI) of mortality at 1 year and 2 years.

Materials and Methods: Retrospective cohort that included a consecutive sample of adults with DM1 and 2, from a high complexity hospital in Argentina. The data was taken from the Electronic Medical Record. The prevalence of primary infection is reported as a percentage with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI). For the AIs of mortality (overall and stratified), time to event and Kaplan-Meier were used.

Results: Of 8672 people with DM, 8471 had a diagnosis of DM2 and 201 of DM1. The clinical-epidemiological characteristics can be seen in Table Nº1. A total of 1058 had SARS-COV-2 primary infection, showing a prevalence of 12.20% (95% CI 11.79-13.21). No differences were observed when stratifying by type of diabetes (p=0.748): 12.18% (11.49-12.89) in DM2 and 12.93% (8.62-18.37) in DM1. The AI for mortality was 4.51% (95% CI 4.09-4.97) at one year and 9.03% (95% CI 8.43-9.68) at 2 years; and stratified by primary infection was 0.79% at one year and 1.8% at 2 years in the group with infection; compared to 4.05% at 1 year and 7.8% at 2 years in the group without infection (p<0.001).

Conclusions: The prevalence of primary infection was the same in both types of DM. Mortality was 4.51% at one year and 9.03% at 2 years.