Effects of antioxidant treatment on the activation of the hipotalamo- hipofiso-adrenal axis induced by the consumption of sucrose rich diets

Authors

  • María Elisa Mercau Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States, School of Medicine, Department of Human Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Center for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies-National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CEFYBO-CONICET), Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina
  • Juan Salvador Calanni Faculty of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Center for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies-National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CEFYBO-CONICET), Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina
  • Marcos Aranda Northwestern University, Chicago, United States, Faculty of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Center for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies-National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CEFYBO-CONICET), Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina
  • Ruth Estela Rosenstein Faculty of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Center for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies-National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CEFYBO-CONICET), Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina
  • Esteban Martín Repetto Faculty of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Center for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies-National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CEFYBO-CONICET), Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina
  • Cora Beatriz Cymeryng Faculty of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Center for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies-National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CEFYBO-CONICET), Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47196/diab.v54i2.244

Keywords:

sucrose rich diet, adenohypophysis, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, oxidative stress; inflammation, lipoic acid, melatonin

Abstract

Introduction: given the pleiotropic effects of glucocorticoids (GCs) on metabolism, excessive and sustained levels of circulating GCs, have deleterious effects and increase cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.

Objectives: to study the effect of antioxidant therapy on hyperactivation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in animals fed a sucrose-rich diet (SRD).

Materials and methods: the activity of the HPA axis was evaluated and hormonal, oxidative stress and inflammation parameters were determined in the adenohypophysis of animals treated with SRD for trhee weeks.

Results: animals from the SRD group showed higher circulating levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone. In parallel, an increase in the expression of the polypeptide precursors, POMC and ACTH were detected in the adenohypophysis. We also observed an increase in lipoperoxides and proteins nitrated in tyrosine (oxidative damage), a greater number of tissue macrophages and an increase in the production of IL-1beta. Antioxidant treatment prevented all these changes. In particular, melatonin also normalized the activity of the HHA axis and pituitary expression of POMC.

Conclusions: the metabolic overload induced by the administration of SRD generates oxidative damage and inflammation in the adenohypophysis. Activation of tissue macrophages could affect, in turn, pituitary corticotrophs inducing their activation. Melatonin could be used as a therapeutic tool to normalize the activity of the HPA axis in diet obesity models.

Author Biographies

María Elisa Mercau, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States, School of Medicine, Department of Human Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Center for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies-National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CEFYBO-CONICET), Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina

PhD in Biological Sciences, Post-doctoral student in the Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States, School of Medicine, Department of Human Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Center for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies-National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CEFYBO-CONICET)

Juan Salvador Calanni, Faculty of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Center for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies-National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CEFYBO-CONICET), Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina

Bachelor of Biological Sciences, Thesis student in the Department of Human Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires

Marcos Aranda, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States, Faculty of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Center for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies-National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CEFYBO-CONICET), Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina

PhD in Biological Sciences, Post-doctoral student at Northwestern University, Chicago, United States, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Human Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Center for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies-National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CEFYBO-CONICET )

Ruth Estela Rosenstein, Faculty of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Center for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies-National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CEFYBO-CONICET), Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina

Doctor in Chemical Sciences; Senior Researcher; Full Professor of the Department of Human Biochemistry of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires

Esteban Martín Repetto, Faculty of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Center for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies-National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CEFYBO-CONICET), Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina

Doctor in Biochemistry; Deputy Investigator of the National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET ); Head of Practical Works in the Department of Clinical Biochemistry of the Faculty of Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires

Cora Beatriz Cymeryng, Faculty of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Center for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies-National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CEFYBO-CONICET), Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina

PhD in Chemical Sciences, Principal Investigator of the National Council for Scientific and Technical Research ( CONICET); Associate Professor in the Department of Human Biochemistry of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires

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2023-01-10

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Mercau, M. E., Calanni, J. S., Aranda, M., Rosenstein, R. E., Repetto, E. M., & Cymeryng, C. B. (2023). Effects of antioxidant treatment on the activation of the hipotalamo- hipofiso-adrenal axis induced by the consumption of sucrose rich diets. Journal of the Argentine Society of Diabetes, 54(2), 29–51. https://doi.org/10.47196/diab.v54i2.244

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Vol. 54 No. 2 (2020): Mayo/Agosto de 2020

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