P2 Fatty liver and type 2 diabetes

Abstract

Introduction: There is strong evidence linking Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver disease (NAFLD) with metabolic syndrome (MS). Insulin resistance seems to be what these diseases have in common. The need to know the frequency of NAFLD in patients with Diabetes mellitus 2 who consulted at an outpatient clinic of a public hospital was raised, and to identify the risk factors for the development of this disease.

Material and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out including diabetic patients over 18 years of age, non-drinkers and having excluded other causes of chronic liver disease. 102 patients were studied from January to December 2019. The data collected was entered into a data collection sheet prepared for this purpose. A descriptive analysis of the variables under study was carried out. In the statistical analysis, the possible associations were made with X squared and p less than 0.05 was considered significant. The analysis was carried out in Excel.

Results: Of the total number of patients evaluated, 52% were female. The mean age was 54 years. 71% had pathological ultrasound with fatty liver. Only 25% had elevated transaminases. 88% had dyslipidaemia. 56% were obese, 35% overweight. 57% had central obesity. 49% were hypertensive. 71% had HOMA in the pathological range with insulin resistance. The proportion of patients with NAFLD was significantly higher in
patients with obesity (p <0.05) and dyslipidemia (p <0.05). The relationship between fatty liver and insulin resistance was not found to be statistically significant (p> 0, 05). However, the number of patients with fatty liver was higher in insulin resistant patients.

Conclusions: Patients with risk factors for NAFLD and with simple steatosis should be identified to promote lifestyle changes in them and avoid the development of this disease or the progression to cirrhosis.