P3 Influence of habits: the consumption of fiber, omega 3 and physical activity in the development of metabolic syndrome

Abstract

Introduction: Multiple factors necessary for the development of metabolic syndrome (MS) increased risk of atherothrombotic cardiovascular disease.

Objectives: to study the impact and association of the consumption of fiber, omega 3 and the practice of physical activity (PA) with the prevalence of MS. Analyze the association between: fiber consumption with anthropometric values; the consumption of fiber with consumption of omega 3 and triglycerides.

Method: cross-sectional study. A targeted and individualized questionnaire was conducted that included semiquantitative consumption frequency and 24-hour recall, anthropometry and convenience laboratory to 179 adults from Hospital Sirio Libanés and from a private care center in nutrition areas from September 2019 to March 2020. It was considered a diagnosis of MS according to the last IDF definition. Those with poorly absorptive intestinal pathology, psychiatric pathology, cancer treatment or without informed consent were excluded.

Results: male-female ratio of 106/73; mean age of 59.92 years (range: 54 and 69.75 years), mean BMI 31.47 (range: 28.6 to 34.2); 86.59% presented excessive waist circumference (mean of 105; range 98 to 114 cm); 83.24% met the criteria for the diagnosis of MS; 77.65% presented deficient fiber intake (mean / day: 14.59 gr); for omega 3, 100% presented deficient consumption (mean / day 0.22 gr). 71.51% did not meet PA objectives according to WHO recommendations. The logistic regression when studying the association between fiber consumption and the prevalence of MS, was not significant (P: 0.819, CI: 0.91-0.99, OR: 0.95) although the histogram showed a negative
trend and correlation . The association between omega 3 consumption and the prevalence of MS was significant (P: 0.000, CI: 0.32-0.33, OR: 0.10) and negative correlation. The logistic regression between PA and the prevalence of MS was not
significant (P: 0.61, CI: 0.29-2.09, OR: 0.77) and a negative sense was observed. It was evidenced that the higher the fiber consumption, the lower the weight, with a statistically significant result but with a weak association strength (corr: -0.1743, P: 0.02). When relating fiber to BMI, the correlation was not significant. Nor between fiber in grams and waist circumference in both sexes. When correlating the fiber consumption and the omega 3 consumption, it was highly significant (P: 0.0001) with much dispersion; fiber intake and triglyceridemia; it was not significant.

Conclusions: Although there are controversies regarding the optimal diet for these patients, scientific evidence recommends the intake of dietary fiber, an increase in the consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids of the omega 3 type for its anti-inflammatory benefits, among others, and the performance of regular PA.