Cancer Committee. Detection of pancreatic cancer in patients with diabetes mellitus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47196/diab.v58i1Sup.756Keywords:
diabetes mellitus, pancreatic cancer, cardinal symptoms, hyperglycemiaAbstract
Introduction: type 2 diabetes mellitus and cancer are highly prevalent entities that independently contribute to a large part of global morbidity and mortality. Altered carbohydrate metabolism is present in approximately 3/4 of cases of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, which is also responsible for approximately 90% of all cases of pancreatic cancer.
Consider hyperglycemia as an early biomarker and a risk factor for this type of tumor in subjects with new-onset diabetes (or rapid progression of hyperglycemia with early need for insulin) and in those over 60 years of age accompanied by weight loss (>4 kg), should be an incentive for a rapid and detailed investigation to exclude pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, because early diagnosis improves the prognosis and survival of this low-frequency but high-lethality entity.
Objectives: general: highlight the relevance of DM in the onset, progression and prognosis of oncological pathology. Particulars: highlight the importance of DM as a marker of underlying tumor disease; provide clinical aspects related to carbohydrate metabolism that favor an early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.
Materials and methods: a bibliographic review and update on the topic was carried out, in addition to the experience provided by carrying out a retrospective study on the topic carried out by this Committee. A bibliographic search of the last 5 years was carried out in the search engines PubMed, ScienceDirect, SciELO and Wiley for articles in English and Spanish, under the search engine “pancreatic cancer and diabetes” and in total 542 articles were found that were selected for this review. The articles were mainly chosen for their relevance and quality, which is why 23 articles were used. Highly relevant articles even older than 5 years were also included.
Findings: DM is an early risk marker and a risk factor for the development of pancreatic cancer
Conclusions: the abundant evidence regarding the relationship between oncological pathology, obesity and DM forces us to rethink oncological disease in terms of its pathophysiological aspects, and begin to relate its etiology with metabolic disease and low-level inflammation degree.
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