Impact of 10% of body weight lost on cardiometabolic variables and autonomic neuropathy in patients with metabolic syndrome
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47196/diab.v51i1.50Keywords:
metabolic syndrome, cardiac autonomic dysfunction, cardiovascular morbimortalityAbstract
Introduction: there is excess of morbidity and mortality associated with the metabolic syndrome (MS).The weight loss showed advantageous effects on various components.
Objectives: to determine the impact of the 10% of body weight lost on cardiometabolic variables and on cardiac autonomic neuropathy in patients with MS. Subjects of study and methods: 103 patients with MS were studied, 69 women (66.9%); average age 51.9 years (23-79). Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) was assessed through Ewing’s tests; abnormality was defined with 2 or more abnormal results. The indicated treatment was a hypocaloric, individualized meal plan. There was not modification of medication for dyslipidemia and/or hypertension; patients requiring new drugs were excluded. It was proposed: 10% loss of initial weight (limit one year). Statistics: average,
tests for paired samples and Fisher test.
Results: from the total sample, 50 patients (48.5%) reached the goal. 35 were women (70%). The initial mean BMI was 31.83 kg/m2. 46 individuals (92%) had hypertriglyceridemia and high waist circumference (WC): average 107.59 /100.44 cm (M/F). Low HDL: 32 people (64%). 21 patients (42%) had hypertension, 16 (32%): impaired fasting glucose and 3 (6%) glucose intolerance. Autonomic tests were abnormal in 36 patients (72%). With the 10% of body weight loss, the average BMI decreased to 28.6 kgm2. In 43 patients (84.8%) WC was reduced to 96.8/90.3 cm (M/F), as well as triglycerides (decrease to 138 mg/dl average). 24 patients (75%) achieved normal HDL (p<0.001 for all variables). Hypertension reversed in 17 people (80.9%) (p<0.001), and in 15 (93.7%) euglycemia was obtained (p<0.0001). Dysautonomia improved in 22 patients (62%), (p<0.001).
Conclusion: we observed benefits in four MS components (blood pressure, HDL, triglycerides and glucose), with lower impact on WC and TG. There was significant normalization of CAN. The improvement of these parameters are considered
valuable, and they were obtained through an adequated hypocaloric nutritional plan.
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