Incidence of large-for-gestational-age newborns and its association with maternal gestational diabetes mellitus and obesity. Cohort study in a hospital in Buenos Aires

Authors

  • Vanina Laura Pagotto Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina
  • María Lourdes Posadas Martínez British Hospital, Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina
  • Susana Salzberg Centennial Institute, Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina
  • Pablo Andrés Pochettino Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Agustín Roca Headquarters, Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47196/diab.v56i3.659

Keywords:

fetal macrosomia, gestational diabetes, obesity, incidence

Abstract

Introduction: two terms are used to describe excessive fetal growth: “large for gestational age” (LGA) and “macrosomia”. LGA generally implies a birth weight greater than the 90th percentile for a given gestational age.

Objectives: to estimate the incidence of LGA newborns and to assess whether obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are associated factors.

Materials and methods: retrospective cohort study of pregnant women with and without GDM and their live newborns between 2015-2018 evaluated at the Italian Hospital in the City of Buenos Aires, Argentina. The incidence of LGA and macrosomia newborns is presented as percentages and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), as well as their complications. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess whether GDM and obesity are factors associated with LGA newborns.

Results: the incidence of LGA was 15.9% (95% CI; 14.1-17.9) and of macrosomia 6.7% (95% CI; 5.5-8.1). The incidence of LGA newborns was higher in women with GDM and obesity. Obesity represented a higher risk per se with and without association with GDM. Obesity, in the presence of GDM, increases the chance of LGA newborns compared to women with GDM and without obesity (OR 2.41; p<0.001).

Conclusions: diabetes and maternal obesity increase the risk of LGA. It is important to implement preventive measures and interventions on women of childbearing age with the aim of promoting the health of the mother and her offspring.

Author Biographies

Vanina Laura Pagotto, Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina

Master in Diabetes and Clinical Research

María Lourdes Posadas Martínez, British Hospital, Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina

Research Department

Susana Salzberg, Centennial Institute, Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina

Director of the Department of Clinical Research

Pablo Andrés Pochettino, Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Agustín Roca Headquarters, Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina

Obstetrics Service, Diabetes and Pregnancy Section

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Published

2023-02-04

How to Cite

Pagotto, V. L., Posadas Martínez, M. L., Salzberg, S., & Pochettino, P. A. (2023). Incidence of large-for-gestational-age newborns and its association with maternal gestational diabetes mellitus and obesity. Cohort study in a hospital in Buenos Aires. Journal of the Argentine Society of Diabetes, 56(3), 101–107. https://doi.org/10.47196/diab.v56i3.659

Issue

Vol. 56 No. 3 (2022): September/December 2022

Section

Original article

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Copyright (c) 2022 in the name of the authors. Reproduction rights: Argentine Diabetes Society

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